General Result.
Due to the several causes in early 1970s, Haile Selassie’s position as the emperor increasingly weakened. Demonstrations that organized by teachers, workers, and students as well as the mutinies in military up rose. These eventually caused the Ethiopian Revolution, and finally on September 12, 1974 they seized the power and succeed to overthrow the Emperor Haile Selassie. The emperor held under armed in his palace till his death in 1975.
The End of Dynasty
Haile Selassie arrested and spent the rest of his life in imprisonment, in the Grand Palace. After Haile Selassie was imprisoned, most of the imperial family was also locked in the Addis Ababa prison, Kerchele (Known as ‘Alem Bekagne’ or ‘Goodbye, cruel world.’) Finally, on November 23th 1974, sixty former high officials of the imperial government including Haile Selassie's grandson and two former Prime Ministers were executed without trial. This is now called as 'Bloody Saturday' that shows the end of the Ethiopian Dynasty.
The Change of the Form of the Government.
During the revolution, two former Prime Ministers were executed, and the Emperor Haile Selassie was died in his palace in 1975. Therefore, the problem was occurred. After overthrowing the Emperor Haile Selassie, there is no one to replace the Emperor. Therefore the country was in the hand of military and poorly educated junior officers. This was the start of the Derg's military dictatorship.
The junior officers were impressed by socialist ideas, and didn't have any interest in democracy and free market economics. Also, Ethiopia had no tradition of democracy at all, and the emperor Haile Selassie didn't build any democratic policies. Therefore, they thought that Ethiopia needs a social revolution. As a result, they started to form the country as the communist model and socialist economics which they thought was the most effective way of modernizing the country. Starting from General Aman Amdon, Ethiopia became the socialism under the military force called, 'Derg.' after the revolution 1974.
The junior officers were impressed by socialist ideas, and didn't have any interest in democracy and free market economics. Also, Ethiopia had no tradition of democracy at all, and the emperor Haile Selassie didn't build any democratic policies. Therefore, they thought that Ethiopia needs a social revolution. As a result, they started to form the country as the communist model and socialist economics which they thought was the most effective way of modernizing the country. Starting from General Aman Amdon, Ethiopia became the socialism under the military force called, 'Derg.' after the revolution 1974.
external Conflicts after the rEVOLUTION
What problems caused by Somalia?
There were several conflicts between Somalia due to the Ogaden Desert. During the Emperor Haile Selassie’s reign, border disputes between Somalia and Ethiopia became as a actual hostilities.Then, a truce was negotiated to set up Ogaden Desert as a demilitarized zone by the emperor Haile Selassie. However, as the Derg seized the power, and Ethiopia was in the unstable environment, Somalis decided to launch a campaign to reclaim the Ogaden Desert. As a result, Somalia invaded Ethiopia and occupied Ogaden in 1977.
There were several conflicts between Somalia due to the Ogaden Desert. During the Emperor Haile Selassie’s reign, border disputes between Somalia and Ethiopia became as a actual hostilities.Then, a truce was negotiated to set up Ogaden Desert as a demilitarized zone by the emperor Haile Selassie. However, as the Derg seized the power, and Ethiopia was in the unstable environment, Somalis decided to launch a campaign to reclaim the Ogaden Desert. As a result, Somalia invaded Ethiopia and occupied Ogaden in 1977.
People's Attitudes toward the Derg
After the revolution, Ethiopians couldn't get the comfortable life like what they expected. Mengistu became the chairman of the Derg and the Derg started to expel Americans and instituted radical economic reforms. The radical state-controlled socialist economy was instituted by young officer members of Derg who were poorly educated and really had no knowledge and idea about economy. They thought that idea of socialism was the most effective way to solve the problems in Ethiopia. Therefore, in early 1975, they nationalized all the agricultural lands. However, this action eventually caused the declination of agriculture.
On March, 1975 they abolished the monarchy; therefore Ethiopia became the Republic, and in the control of military.
The Derg didn't allow any resistance from the citizens; therefore, they arrested anyone who criticized its policies.
Vigilante groups organized by the Derg carried out massacres, and this is also known as Red Terror which was organized by Mengistu during 1977 to 1979. As a result, the people who were oppressed for years started to up rise to get the liberty.
On March, 1975 they abolished the monarchy; therefore Ethiopia became the Republic, and in the control of military.
The Derg didn't allow any resistance from the citizens; therefore, they arrested anyone who criticized its policies.
Vigilante groups organized by the Derg carried out massacres, and this is also known as Red Terror which was organized by Mengistu during 1977 to 1979. As a result, the people who were oppressed for years started to up rise to get the liberty.
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The video about the result of Ethiopian Revolution